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Council on Library and Information Resources
The Council on Library and Information Resources (CLIR) is an American independent, nonprofit organization. It works with libraries, cultural institutions, and higher learning communities on developing strategies to improve research, teaching, and learning environments. It is based in Washington, D.C., USA.
The CLIR resulted from the merger of the Commission on Preservation and Access (CPA) and the Council on Library Resources (CLR) in 1997. Planning for the merger began in 1995, with the appointment of Deanna B. Marcum as the president of both organizations by their respective boards.〔"(History )." Council on Library and Information Resources. Retrieved 19 April 2015.〕 Following the merger, Marcum served as president of CLIR until 2003.〔"(Marcum Appointed Associate Librarian for Library Services )" (September 2003). ''Library of Congress Information Bulletin'' 62(9), p. 199. Retrieved 19 April 2015.〕
==Council on Library Resources==
Established in 1956 with a $5 million grant from the Ford Foundation, the Council on Library Resources was an independent coordinating body that aimed to address common problems faced by libraries in an era of explosive library growth and the emergence of new technologies.〔"(The Council on Library Resources )" (1961). ''Bulletin of the Medical Library Association'', 49(2), p. 225.〕 Louis B. Wright, the director of the Folger Shakespeare Library, was a principal figure in the organization's founding.〔〔Marcum, Deanna B. (March 31, 1995). "(Reclaiming the Research Library: The Founding of the Council on Library Resources )." Paper presented at the Library History Seminar, Tuscaloosa, Alabama. 22 pages; here: p. 2 ff. Retrieved 26 April 2015 from http://www.clir.org/about/history/ 〕 Verner Clapp, then the Deputy Librarian of Congress, was named the first president, and served until 1967.〔Hallstein, Ann L. (1985). "(Clapp, Verner W. )" In Allen Kent (Ed.), ''Encyclopedia of Library and Information Science'', 39, supplement 4, p. 79-86; here: p. 79, 85-86.〕
CLR subsequently received further grants from the Ford Foundation, amounting to $31.5 million by 1983; and, beginning in 1978, also received funding from a variety of other sources, including the Carnegie Corporation of New York, the National Endowment for the Humanities, and the Pew Memorial Trust.〔Rosenberg, Jane (1985). "(Council on Library Resources )." In Allen Kent (Ed.), ''Encyclopedia of Library and Information Science'', 39, supplement 4, p. 86-98; here: p. 87.〕 CLR's own grant-making activities focused on increasing library cooperation, supporting the application of technological developments to library needs, and conducting research on library problems.〔Hallstein (1985), p. 85.〕 It funded programs to improve nationwide bibliographic access and services, to support collection development, and to develop strategies for the preservation of library materials.〔Rosenberg (1985), p. 88-92.〕
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